This week my class started Tim O’Brien’s The Things They Carried which looks into the Vietnam War. In about two weeks my class will be splitting up into groups and discussing a film; my group has picked Stanley Kubrick’s Full Metal Jacket, which is also about Vietnam. I mention this because O’Brien writes a lot about the idea of soldiers being actors, men playing a part, or a man performing his gendered duty.
O’Brien’s own tale in the chapter “On the Rainy River” admits that he does not support the war, in one of my favorite quotes he states
“Certain blood was being shed for uncertain reasons (p. 40).”
Yet he goes to Vietnam.
Through the chapter “On the Rainy River” he battles within himself to decide to flee to Canada or go to war. In this chapter I found it really powerful and revealing on why some men feel they need to go to war. O’Brien does not want to be dishonorable, a pussy, a sissy, a bitch, a coward, or any other word that is given to a man with a very natural fear of dying in a war he doesn’t believe in. This idea that society will emasculate a man because he does not wish to fight is motivating to those that do not wish to be emasculated to prove their masculinity. Masculinity’s most defining trait would be violence and a military is the largest entity of violence in a society.
O’Brien doesn’t just talk about his own performance in the military but others as well. In the next few passages he really makes a connection between the performance of masculinity and how men really feel/think.
“They afraid of dying but they were even more afraid of to show it (p. 20)”
The men had a very natural and human fear of dying but to show this fear meant they were less than a “real” man. A sissy, a coward, a pussy.
“They were actors. When someone died, it wasn’t quite dying, because in a curious way it seemed scripted, and because they had their lines memorized, irony mixed with tragedy, and because they called it by other names, as if to encyst and destroy the reality of death itself (p. 20)”
O’Brien describes the soldiers as actors. Actors have the ability to model themselves into what the audience wants. Actors in gender model themselves into what society demands.
As discussed in most of my blog masculinity is socially constructed and taught to men at a young age. So masculinity being a learned behavior could be comparable to learning to lie or to be polite; the important thing is to unlearn (not teach) this behavior. Most of the my posts deal with some learned behavior—men are unable to express their feelings, men use sexual violence as a form of control, men fear emasculation, etc, (Full Metal Jacket remarkably covers racism, homophobia, sexism, rape, and violence all in the first seven minutes). If society would change its perceptions of masculinity (and in turn femininity) then people would be people not confined to a little box of qualities that one should have and should perform.


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November 24, 2009 at 7:09 PM
winegarl
During class today I was thinking about this chapter of O’Brien’s book and I think that it directly related to your post. I can only draw this conclusion based on what our class has read of the book thus far but this is the first point in the book where O’Brien really tells the raw truth. So far he tells stories about the war but he does not include himself in these pieces very much. This entire chapter is devoted to Tim O’Brien’s personal experience with the draft and the fear that he had when he found out he was supposed to fight in the Vietnam War. I have been thinking that maybe all of the other war stories included in the book are meant to help O’Brien find the courage to tell his own story. His masculinity has clearly gotten in the way of his ability to tell about his experience after the draft, but what about his personal experience during the war? I keep wondering what else he is leaving out…
November 24, 2009 at 7:23 PM
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November 25, 2009 at 5:33 PM
olsonre
Full Metal Jacket is a great movie for dealing with the idea of masculinity. The drill sergeant rattles off more profanities and prejudices that at the time were socially accepted. It would be nice if we could stop teaching gender roles and allow children to decide who they are. Unfortunately society will not allow it. Children will be exposed by their friends at school to what is “normal” for each sex. Boys are the most gendered because it is girly to cry or to show any emotion. The are forced to suck it up and become cold to emotion. Tim O’Brien’s novel really shows how men think when no one is watching. They are free to be scared in their minds but have to express that they are tough to the troops around them. I really hope that someday this will stop being an issue for men. It should not be a problem for men to show fear or to show emotion among other men.
November 28, 2009 at 3:07 PM
seaandrhythm
I think the idea of masculinity in our society is one of its largest problems. I remember in high school watching a movie called Tough Guise, which was great–despite the horrible pun, and it dealt with this very issue. Men are unable to show emotion or fear or cry for fear of being labeled as emasculine. and I do think that this very factor went into O’brien’s decision to go to war in the novel. Another part that seems to directly relate to this is the chapter that talks about using hard words to cover soft feelings, basically the use of euphemisms by men to cover how they really feel. phrases like “zapped while zipping” will probable forever be stuck inside my head because of this.
Though its has been awhile since I saw Full Metal Jacket, I remember Kubrick’s movie also having an important message in just its portrayal of the hyper-masculinized war culture. Hopefully our own society through art forms like this and its own metacognition can grow to a stage that somewhat upsets the current gender stereotyping in which we now live.
November 28, 2009 at 6:10 PM
Rob
I agree the chapter On the Rainy River is a very powerful chapter in O’Brien’s The Things They Carried. I’m sure O’Brien wasn’t the only one during Vietnam in the position of debating running away to Canada. I am very thankful that we don’t have a draft today. I don’t know what I would do if I was in the same position that O’Brien was in. I also liked the idea that you deal with that O’Brien went to war, the most dangerous and intimidating experience humanly imaginable because he was even more afraid of being thought of as a coward. This says a lot about what our society thinks that a man should be. When I think about this I think of the early part of Slaughter House 5 where Mary says that the book will be made into a movie and they will be played by John Wayne or Frank Sinatra. I think that somewhere in the back of our minds we all expect all men to be tough and fearless when in reality men have fears just like everyone else. I really enjoyed the title of this blog post because even though O’Brien was a man he felt he had to be something he wasn’t to live up to everyone else’s expectations of him to be thought of as a man.
November 28, 2009 at 9:36 PM
The Seldom Seen Kid
I agree that masculinity is a major issue being dealt with by every generation of men in the United States. Reading O’Brien’s emotions he was feeling while he was heading to Canada made me really stop and think about which route that I would choose in that situation. Even after watching War films I always find myself wondering what I would do if i were put into that situation. The pressures placed upon men and standards they are expected to live up to are quite ridiculous in this day and age.
November 30, 2009 at 12:33 AM
bekofskc
I like how you touched on the “Rainy River” story since I think it’s an important one to focus on. It shows a lot of O’Brian’s personal side–he’s smart, and young, and quiet, and scared, and doesn’t want to go. It’s definitely a good one to tie into the role of masculinity, because he ends up being pressured to go by society’s image of what’s right and proper for a man to do in that situation. Like Rob said in his comment, it reminded me a lot of Vonnegut… well, the whole book did, but this section in particular brought to mind when Vonnegut’s friend’s wife said she didn’t want the book to star a John Wayne and lead another group of children to war. O’Brian didn’t want to go to war, and this story definitely does not lead people to war. It’s a story which deserves a lot of discussing, and I’m glad you chose it for your blog post.
November 30, 2009 at 12:59 AM
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December 1, 2009 at 12:53 PM
wesnile5200
I think that you bring up a very good point, men are forced and taught to hide their feelings, that it is honorable to go to war and if you die there then you lost your life defending that whcih you love. No one ever really wants to die, or for that matter deserves to die, but society has turned men, and now some women, into machines that will do anything for country. However, I think society has changed in the past few decades, back during WWII most men wanted to fight, but as Vietnam came around, a smaller percentage of society wanted to have anything to do with war, and today, I feel like those serving in the military are in the minority in comparison to the rest of the population. I think what you are saying should happen, is happening right now, but I wonder maybe if it has been taken a little to far, almost to the extent that our country is no longer as connected and patriotic as it once was. There needs to be a balance between the sexes, someone still needs to be willing to fight, because war is part of human nature, and without those willing to protect what we have our society cannot survive.
December 1, 2009 at 1:11 PM
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December 4, 2009 at 2:19 PM
krygierj
I’m really glad you chose to pursue this topic because I have found your blog very interesting to read. Most times people only assume soldiers are male because that is what society has established to be the norm. I’d be willing to bet a lot of money that men consider joining the military 100 times more often than women do because it’s a viable option, almost an expectation if one has no idea what to do upon graduation. During Vietnam however, many men were not even given the choice to join the war, as we saw in Tim O’Brien’s book. While reading the chapter On The Rainy River, I couldn’t help but notice all the expectations that O’Brien felt he was under. He couldn’t be seen as less than a man for actually sticking to his ideals, which often takes so much more courage than doing the ‘manly’ thing and reporting for duty.
December 4, 2009 at 2:20 PM
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